Table 1 AHPO-HPLC data for total melanin marker concentrations (ng/mg) in black, rufous and white feathers

From: Taphonomic experiments reveal authentic molecular signals for fossil melanins and verify preservation of phaeomelanin in fossils

Feather type

HCl pretreatment

Total melanin

Eumelanin

Phaeomelanin

Black

Untreated

no

2377

± 309

2173

± 315

204

± 29

yes

1059

± 170

988

± 143

71

± 28

200 °C

no

2408

± 474

2146

± 410

261

± 89

250 °C

no

1144

± 249

819

± 215

325

± 53

yes

786

± 204

702

± 179

83

± 28

Rufous

Untreated

no

7984

± 1411

308

± 67

7676

± 1356

yes

583 ± 60

84 ± 16

499 ± 54

200 °C

no

5178

± 1041

258

± 54

4920

± 1005

250 °C

no

2412

± 379

235

± 40

2177

± 381

yes

1263

± 91

195

± 29

1068

± 68

White

Untreated

no

43 ± 7

20 ± 2

24 ± 5

yes

21 ± 4

8 ± 0

13 ± 4

200 °C

no

51 ± 13

22 ± 4

29 ± 10

250 °C

no

226

± 19

85

± 31

141

± 48

yes

173

± 36

152

± 39

22

± 4

Percentage Change In Marker Concentration Relative To Untreated Samples

Black

200 °C

no

+1

−1

+28

250 °C

no

−52

−62

+59

yes

−26

−28

+18

Rufous

200 °C

no

−35

−16

−36

250 °C

no

−69

−24

−72

yes

+116

+132

+114

White

200 °C

no

+18

+12

+22

250 °C

no

+420

+333

+491

yes

+712

+1807

+63

  1. Mean and standard deviation data (in ng/mg) for concentrations of total melanin, total eumelanin (PTCA + PDCA + PTeCA) and total phaeomelanin (TTCA + TDCA + 4-AHP + BZ-AA) markers obtained using alkaline hydrogen peroxide oxidation (AHPO) and hydroiodic (HI) acid hydrolysis. Black and rufous feathers, Gallus gallus; white feathers, Egretta garzetta. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.