Fig. 2: X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses.

(a) XANES and (b) FT-EXAFS spectra at the Fe K-edge of Fe-pdN-C(O), Fe-poN-C(O) and Fe-poN-C/Fe with the reference samples. (c) WT-EXAFS contour plots of Fe foil, FeTpp, Fe-pdN-C(O), Fe-poN-C(O) and Fe-poN-C/Fe. (d) The fitting curve of FT-EXAFS for Fe-poN-C/Fe. (e) N 1 s spectra and (f) O atomic content of Fe-pdN-C(O), Fe-poN-C(O) and Fe-poN-C/Fe.