Fig. 3: Electrochemical CO2 reduction performance in H-cell.

a LSV curves of Fe-pdN-C(O), Fe-poN-C(O) and Fe-poN-C/Fe. b FECO at various applied potentials of Fe-pdN-C(O), Fe-poN-C(O) and Fe-poN-C/Fe. c ECR performance of Fe-poN-C/Fe as compared with that of typical electrocatalysts (see Table S3). d jCO at various applied potentials and (e) the double-layer capacitance of Fe-pdN-C(O), Fe-poN-C(O) and Fe-poN-C/Fe. All measurements in H-cell are performed in CO2-saturated 0.5 M KHCO3 solution (pH 7.3, resistance is 7.35 Ω), and the catalyst mass loading is 0.5 mg·cm−2. Error bars in (b) and (d) represent the standard deviation of three independent measurements.