Fig. 1: Bismuth/gallium compounds have synergistic effects with cefiderocol against P. aeruginosa.
From: Metallo-sideromycin as a dual functional complex for combating antimicrobial resistance
a Proposed chemical structure of a metallo-sideromycin using cefiderocol (CEF, S-649266) as an example. The antibiotic (ceftazidime), linker and siderophore (i.e., 3-chlorocatechol) moiety are highlighted in purple, orange and green respectively. Representative heat plots of microdilution checkboard assay for the combination of CEF and CBS (b) or GaNit (c). d Time killing curves for CBS and CEF individually and in combination against PAO1 during 24 h incubation. The concentration of CBS and CEF are 16 and 0.5 μM, respectively. e Bar chart showing bacterial loads exposed to the CBS and CEF combination or individually. The concentration of CEF is 0.5 μM. n = 3 biologically independent samples. Mean value of three replicates are shown and error bars indicate ±SEM. f Isobolograms of the combination of CBS and CEF against different P. aeruginosa strains. The gray dash line represents the ideal isobole at which drugs are additively and independently. Data points below this line are defined as synergy. CTRL control, CEF cefiderocol, CBS colloidal bismuth citrate, GaNit gallium nitrate, FIC fractional inhibitory concentration. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
