Fig. 4: Behavior of interfacial water at 55 nm Au@2.5 nm Ru surfaces and its effect on alkaline HER performance. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Behavior of interfacial water at 55 nm Au@2.5 nm Ru surfaces and its effect on alkaline HER performance.

From: Revealing the role of interfacial water and key intermediates at ruthenium surfaces in the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction

Fig. 4: Behavior of interfacial water at 55 nm Au@2.5 nm Ru surfaces and its effect on alkaline HER performance.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a In situ Raman spectra of interfacial water at original Ru surfaces, Gaussian fits of three O–H stretching modes (νO–H) of 4-coordinated hydrogen-bonded water (4-HB·H2O), 2-coordinated hydrogen-bonded water (2-HB·H2O), and hydrated Na+ ion water (Na·H2O) are shown in red, blue, and green, respectively. b Schematic diagram of the states of interfacial species (interfacial water, *H, and *OH) at Ru surfaces during HER. c Frequency plot of changes in the νO–H in Raman spectra of interfacial water at original Ru surfaces. d Normalized Raman intensities of νO–H at original Ru surfaces over HER potentials. e The effect of interfacial water and *H on alkaline HER performance. The solution is 0.1 M NaOH. The white, red, orange, and cyan spheres represent H, O, Na, and Ru atoms, respectively.

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