Fig. 5: Mechanical properties of adhesive (red), lubricating (blue), and protective (green) snail mucus determined by force-ramp indentation.

a Representative force–distance curve pairs from the adhesive, lubricating, and protective snail mucus. b Distribution of measured Young’s Modulus, E, and (c) work of adhesion, W, values for each mucus secretion. d Average values of E and W for adhesive (n = 36), lubricating (n = 51), and protective (n = 59) mucus from the data plotted in (b) and (c). Error is defined as standard error, or standard deviation divided by the square root of the number of measurements, n. Red: adhesive; blue: lubricating; green: protective. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.