Fig. 4: Growth-rate dependency of ribosomal fraction, translation elongation rate, and active ribosome fraction of C. glutamicum differs from that of E. coli cultivated at 30 °C or 37 °C.

a R/P ratio and ribosomal fraction of C. glutamicum (blue) compared to that of E. coli cultivated at either 30 °C (orange) or 37 °C (grey). The data points for E. coli shown in dark orange were experimentally determined in this study, the others for 30 °C (light orange) were taken from literature^79,80, as well as those for 37 °C^4,7,16,21. b Translation elongation rate for C. glutamicum (blue) and for E. coli 30 °C (orange, this study) and 37 °C (grey, extracted from ref. ²¹) growing at various growth rates. Depicted are mean values and standard deviation for the translation elongation rate for following growth rates: 0.79 h⁻¹ (n = 3); 0.49 h⁻¹ (n = 2); 0.29 h⁻¹ (n = 2); 0.20 h⁻¹ (n = 3); 0.18 h⁻¹ (n = 2); 0.18 h⁻¹ (n = 3); 0.07 h⁻¹ (n = 2) for C. glutamicum and 0.84 h⁻¹ (n = 2); 0.58 h⁻¹ (n = 2); 0.14 h⁻¹ (n = 4) for E. coli where n is the number of biologically independent repeats performed for each condition. Note that C. glutamicum, but not E. coli, shows very low translation elongation rates at low growth rates. c Active ribosome fraction calculated for different growth rates (Supplementary Note 4) for C. glutamicum (blue) compared to that of E. coli cultivated at 30 °C (orange, this study) or 37 °C (grey, extracted from ref. ²¹). Shown is the mean and standard deviation values. Please refer to the Supplementary Data 4 and 5 for the number of biologically independent repeats performed. Note that, in contrast to E. coli, C. glutamicum retains a high fraction of active ribosomes at low growth rates. Lines in (a), (b) and (c) were derived from model simulations. Source data are provided as a Source data file.