Table 3 Comparison of estimated MR body-site-specific association between MPB and skin cancer in the UK and Australian population

From: Uncovering the complex relationship between balding, testosterone and skin cancers in men

Cancer outcome by anatomical category

Study (UK)

\({Ncase}{s}_{{UK}}\)

\({P}_{{UK}}\)

\(O{R}_{{UK}}\)

Study (Aus)

\({Ncase}{s}_{{Aus}}\)

\({P}_{{Aus}}\)

\(O{R}_{{Aus}}\)

Fixed-effect meta

\({P}_{{META}}\)

\(O{R}_{{META}}\)

Head and neck region

Melanoma (all MPB variant)

UKB

390

0.17

1.20 (0.92 to 1.57)

MIA

537

0.02

1.48 (1.07 to 2.04)

0.01

1.31 (1.07 to 1.61)

Melanoma (MPB exc. outlier)

UKB

390

0.24

1.18 (0.90 to 1.54)

MIA

537

0.10

1.30 (0.95 to 1.76)

0.05

1.23 (1.00 to 1.50)

SCC (all MPB variant)

UKB

1427

0.27

0.92 (0.80 to 1.07)

QSKIN

184

0.94

0.99 (0.65 to 1.49)

0.29

0.93 (0.81 to 1.06)

SCC (MPB exc. outlier)

UKB

1427

0.28

0.92 (0.80 to 1.07)

QSKIN

184

0.52

0.87 (0.57 to 1.32)

0.22

0.92 (0.80 to 1.05)

BCC (all MPB variant)

UKB

4768

0.12

1.07 (0.98 to 1.16)

QSKIN

439

0.12

1.25 (0.94 to 1.67)

0.05

1.08 (1.00 to 1.17)

BCC (MPB exc. outlier)

UKB

4768

0.34

1.11 (0.90 to 1.37)

QSKIN

439

0.36

1.14 (0.86 to 1.51)

0.08

1.08 (0.99 to 1.17)

Upper limb/Arm region

Melanoma (all MPB variant)

UKB

446

0.01

0.72 (0.57 to 0.93)

MIA

280

0.59

1.10 (0.78 to 1.55)

0.08

0.84 (0.68 to 1.02)

Melanoma (MPB exc. outlier)

UKB

446

0.01

0.71 (0.56 to 0.92)

MIA

280

0.72

0.94 (0.68 to 1.31)

0.02

0.79 (0.65 to 0.97)

SCC (all MPB variant)

UKB

284

0.75

1.05 (0.77 to 1.44)

QSKIN

149

0.53

1.16 (0.73 to 1.86)

0.54

1.08 (0.84 to 1.41)

SCC (MPB exc. outlier)

UKB

284

0.91

1.02 (0.74 to 1.40)

QSKIN

149

0.92

1.02 (0.64 to 1.63)

0.88

1.02 (0.78 to 1.32)

BCC (all MPB variant)

UKB

636

0.47

0.93 (0.75 to 1.14)

QSKIN

248

0.49

1.15 (0.78 to 1.68)

0.77

0.97 (0.81 to 1.17)

BCC (MPB exc. outlier)

UKB

636

0.36

0.91 (0.73 to 1.12)

QSKIN

248

0.99

1.00 (0.69 to 1.46)

0.43

0.93 (0.77 to 1.12)

Trunk region

Melanoma (all MPB variant)

UKB

708

0.20

0.89 (0.75 to 1.06)

MIA

1060

0.97

1.00 (0.78 to 1.30)

0.30

0.93 (0.80 to 1.07)

Melanoma (MPB exc. outlier)

UKB

708

0.15

0.88 (0.74 to 1.05)

MIA

1060

0.81

0.97 (0.76 to 1.24)

0.19

0.91 (0.79 to 1.05)

SCC (all MPB variant)

UKB

209

0.74

1.05 (0.77 to 1.43)

QSKIN

23

0.98

0.99 (0.32 to 3.03)

0.76

1.05 (0.78 to 1.41)

SCC (MPB exc. outlier)

UKB

209

0.92

1.02 (0.74 to 1.39)

QSKIN

23

0.71

0.81 (0.26 to 2.51)

1.00

1.00 (0.74 to 1.35)

BCC (all MPB variant)

UKB

1350

0.14

1.11 (0.97 to 1.28)

QSKIN

209

0.90

0.97 (0.66 to 1.45)

0.18

1.10 (0.96 to 1.25)

BCC (MPB exc. outlier)

UKB

1350

0.21

1.10 (0.95 to 1.26)

QSKIN

209

0.73

0.93 (0.63 to 1.39)

0.28

1.08 (0.94 to 1.23)

Lower limb region

Melanoma (all MPB variant)

UKB

239

0.27

0.84 (0.62 to 1.14)

MIA

361

0.55

0.90 (0.65 to 1.26)

0.22

0.87 (0.69 to 1.09)

Melanoma (MPB exc. outlier)

UKB

239

0.33

0.86 (0.63 to 1.17)

MIA

361

0.55

0.93 (0.72 to 1.19)

0.17

0.85 (0.68 to 1.07)

SCC (all MPB variant)

UKB

109

0.60

0.88 (0.56 to 1.39)

QSKIN

102

0.48

1.24 (0.68 to 2.26)

1.00

1.00 (0.70 to 1.43)

SCC (MPB exc. outlier)

UKB

109

0.66

0.90 (0.57 to 1.42)

QSKIN

102

0.93

0.98 (0.55 to 1.75)

0.69

0.93 (0.65 to 1.33)

BCC (all MPB variant)

UKB

269

0.85

1.03 (0.76 to 1.39)

QSKIN

93

0.63

0.87 (0.49 to 1.54)

0.95

0.99 (0.76 to 1.30)

BCC (MPB exc. outlier)

UKB

269

0.90

1.02 (0.75 to 1.39)

QSKIN

93

0.27

0.72 (0.40 to 1.29)

0.69

0.95 (0.72 to 1.24)

  1. For the MR analyses, 96620, 3176 and 1957 controls were used for the UKB, MIA and QSKIN analyses respectively. P-values here were derived from two-tailed z-tests on the MR association estimate (in log(OR)), unadjusted for multiple testing. SNP outliers (for the repeated analyses excluding potentially pleiotropic/heterogenous SNPs) were determined using the MR-PRESSO outlier test at Bonferroni-corrected P value of 0.05. The model MPB exc. outlier refers to the model utilizing MPB variants excluding the four SNP outliers identified by MR-PRESSO.