Table 1 Demographic and clinicopathological information for our serum- and tissue HFH/USP cohorts
| Â | Original cohort | Additional cohort | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Liquid biopsy (serum) | Meningioma tissue | Meningioma | Non-meningioma | ||||||||||||
|  | Meningioma (N = 63) | Non-meningioma (N = 141) | Confirmed recurrence (N = 35) | Confirmed non -recurrence (N = 15) | LB: serum (N = 20) | LB: plasma (N = 10) | Tumor tissue (N = 39) | LB: serum (N = 6) | ||||||||
Features | Median | (Q1, Q3) | Median | (Q1, Q3) | Median | (Q1, Q3) | Median | (Q1, Q3) | Median | (Q1, Q3) | Median | (Q1, Q3) | Median | (Q1, Q3) | Median | (Q1, Q3) |
Age at diagnosis (yrs) | 60 | (45.5, 67.0) | 54.0 | (43.0, 64.0) | 56.0 | (49.5, 60.5) | 55.0 | (45.0, 60.5) | 51.0 | (46.8, 63.5) | 51 | (46.3, 60.3) | 51 | (46.5, 64) | 49.0 | (45, 55.5) |
Person-time (mos) | 31.6 | (23.7, 49.0) | - | - | 26.8 | (6.1, 57.5) | 102.1 | (75.6, 137.4) | 1.6 | (0.1, 32.6) | 1.6 | (0.2, 3.5) | 21.6 | (3.4, 36.9) | - | - |
MIB LI (%) | 12.1 | (4.5, 15.0) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Sex | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
    Female | 36 | 57.1 | 40 | 28.4 | 17 | 48.6 | 12 | 80 | 8 | 40 | 5 | 50 | 20 | 51.3 | 2 | 33.3 |
    Male | 27 | 42.9 | 66 | 46.8 | 18 | 51.4 | 3 | 20 | 12 | 60 | 5 | 50 | 19 | 48.7 | 4 | 66.7 |
    Unknown | - | - | 35 | 24.8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Race/Ethnicity | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
    Black or African American | 10 | 15.9 | 17 | 12.1 | 3 | 8.6 | 2 | 13.3 | 5 | 25 | 5 | 50 | 8 | 20.5 | 1 | 16.7 |
    White | 46 | 73 | 85 | 60.3 | 26 | 74.3 | 11 | 73.3 | 13 | 65 | 3 | 30 | 25 | 64.1 | 5 | 83.3 |
    Other | 5 | 7.9 | 4 | 2.8 | - | - | 1 | 6.7 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 2 | 5.1 | - | - |
    Unknown | 2 | 3.2 | 17 | 12.1 | 6 | 17.1 | 1 | 6.7 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 4 | 10.3 | - | - |
Post-surgical MRI report | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
    Stable disease | 19 | 30.2 | - | - | 6 | 17.1 | 5 | 33.3 | 2 | 10 | 1 | 10 | 12 | 30.8 | - | - |
    Progressive disease | 11 | 17.5 | - | - | 24 | 68.6 | - | - | 7 | 35 | 3 | 30 | 13 | 33.3 | - | - |
    Non-enhancing disease | 29 | 46 | - | - | 3 | 8.6 | 10 | 66.7 | 2 | 10 | - | - | 3 | 7.7 | - | - |
    Unknown | 4 | 12.7 | - | - | 2 | 5.7 | - | - | 9 | 45 | 6 | 60 | 11 | 28.2 | - | - |
Tumor Classification/Histopathological diagnosis | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
    Meningioma | 63 | 100 | - | - | 35 | 100 | 15 | 100 | 20 | 100 | 10 | 100 | 39 | 100 | - | - |
    Not other specified (NOS) | 23 | 36.5 | - | - | 1 | 2.9 | 1 | 6.7 | 8 | 40 | 3 | 30 | 10 | 25.6 | - | - |
    Atypical | 24 | 38.1 | - | - | 25 | 71.4 | 8 | 53.3 | 8 | 40 | 4 | 40 | 16 | 41 | - | - |
    Anaplastic | 8 | 33.3 | - | - | 5 | 14.3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5 | 12.8 | - | - |
    Rhabdoid | 1 | 1.6 | - | - | 1 | 2.9 | 3 | 20 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
    Fibrous | 1 | 1.6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
    Meningothelial | 2 | 3.2 | - | - | 2 | 5.7 | - | - | 2 | 10 | 2 | 20 | 5 | 12.8 | - | - |
    Psammomatous | 3 | 4.8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 2.6 | - | - |
    Secretory | 1 | 1.6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
    Chordoid | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 6.7 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
    Transitional | - | - | - | - | 1 | 2.9 | 2 | 13.3 | 1 | 5 | - | - | 2 | 5.2 | - | - |
    Glioma | - | - | 109 | 77.3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
    Pituitary tumor | - | - | 14 | 9.9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
    Non-tumor | - | - | 6 | 4.3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 16.7 |
    Other | - | - | 12 | 8.5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5 | 83.3 |
    CNS lymphoma | - | - | 4 | 33.3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
    Other CNS diseases | - | - | 8 | 66.7 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5 | 100 |
WHO grade | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
    1 | 30 | 47.6 | - | - | 4 | 11.4 | 3 | 20 | 12 | 60 | 6 | 60 | 19 | 48.7 | - | - |
    2 | 24 | 38.1 | 7 | 4.8 | 25 | 71.4 | 9 | 60 | 8 | 40 | 4 | 40 | 16 | 41 | - | - |
    3 | 9 | 14.3 | 6 | 4.1 | 6 | 17.1 | 3 | 20 | - | - | - | - | 4 | 10.3 | - | - |
    4 | - | - | 77 | 53.1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
    Unknown | - | - | 28 | 19.3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
    Not applicable | - | - | 27 | 18.6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6 | 100 |
Tumor locationa | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
    Calvarium | 42 | 66.7 | - | - | 28 | 80 | 8 | 53.3 | 16 | 80 | 8 | 80 | 26 | 66.6 | - | - |
    Anterior fossa | 5 | 7.9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 2.6 | - | - |
    Middle fossa | 7 | 11.1 | - | - | 3 | 8.6 | 6 | 40 | - | - | - | - | 2 | 5.2 | - | - |
    Posterior fossa | 2 | 3.2 | - | - | 1 | 2.9 | - | - | 2 | 10 | - | - | 3 | 7.6 | - | - |
    Spinal | 3 | 4.8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 4 | 10.2 | - | - |
    Other (orbital, other) | 3 | 4.8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | 5.2 | - | - |
    Unknown | 1 | 1.6 | - | - | 3 | 8.6 | 1 | 6.7 | - | - | - | - | 1 | 2.6 | - | - |
Time of Collection | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
    Primary | 44 | 69.8 | 65 | 44.8 | 18 | 51.4 | 12 | 80 | 11 | 55 | 2 | 20 | 23 | 48.9 | - | - |
    Recurrent | 19 | 30.2 | 56 | 38.6 | 17 | 48.6 | 3 | 20 | 9 | 45 | 8 | 80 | 16 | 41.1 | - | - |
    Follow-up (OT) | - | - | 6 | 4.1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
    Not applicable | - | - | 8 | 5.5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6 | 100 |
    Unknown | - | - | 10 | 6.9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Extent of resection | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
    Gross total (GTR) | 40 | 63.5 | - | - | 22 | 62.9 | 15 | 100 | 5 | 25 | 2 | 20 | 14 | - | - | - |
    Sub-total (STR) | 21 | 33.3 | - | - | 13 | 37.1 | - | - | 4 | 20 | 4 | 40 | 10 | - | - | - |
    Unknown | 2 | 3.2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 11 | 55 | 4 | 40 | 15 | - | - | - |
Presurgical treatment | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
    Embolization | 12 | 19.1 | - | - | 1 | 2.9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 2.6 | - | - |
    Radiotherapy | 25 | 39.7 | - | - | 23 | 65.7 | 2 | 13.3 | 5 | 25 | 4 | 40 | 17 | 43.6 | - | - |
Tumor recurrence | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
    Confirmed recurrence | 16 | 25.4 | - | - | 35 | 100 | - | - | 8 | 40 | 4 | 40 | 25 | 64.1 | - | - |
    Confirmed non-recurrence | 9 | 14.3 | - | - | - | - | 15 | 100 | - | - | - | - | 2 | 5.1 | - | - |
    Unknown | 38 | 60.3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 12 | 60 | 6 | 60 | 12 | 30.8 | - | - |
Last report status | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
    Alive | 57 | 90.5 | 43 | 30.5 | 5 | 14.3 | 15 | 100 | 20 | 100 | 10 | 100 | 28 | 71.8 | 4 | 66.7 |
    Dead | 5 | 7.9 | 46 | 32.6 | 30 | 85.7 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 11 | 28.2 | 2 | 33.3 |
    Unknown | 1 | 1.6 | 52 | 36.9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |