Fig. 1: Overview of the European drought in 2022.
From: Temperature extremes of 2022 reduced carbon uptake by forests in Europe

a Soil moisture and b vapour pressure deficit (VPD) anomalies, representing soil and atmospheric drought respectively. c Temperature anomalies, indicating elevated temperatures over large parts of Europe. Geopotential height (GPH) anomalies (500hPa, in metres), relative to 1980–2022, for MJJA 2022 are indicated with contours. Soil moisture is taken from ERA5-Land50, temperature, VPD and GPH are taken from ERA529.