Fig. 5: Wetting and foliar affinity of TEB NPs with different temperatures.
From: Deposition and water repelling of temperature-responsive nanopesticides on leaves
a SEM images of tomato leaves coated TEB NPs at (1) 30 °C, (2) 40 °C, (3) 50 °C, and (4) untreated (each experiment was repeated three times independently with similar results). b Contact angle images of the tomato leaves coated by TEB NPs at (1–3) 30 °C, (4–6) 40 °C, and (7–9) 50 °C within 0, 15, and 30 s. c Retention ratio for the series of fluorescence images of TEB NPs at different temperatures (n = 3 independent experiments, Data are presented as mean values ± SD). d Fluorescence images of TEB NPs at the different temperatures on the tomato leaves to simulate rain washing resistance (Scale bar is 200 μm, each experiment was repeated three times independently with similar results). TEB NPs (1–3) before and (4–6) after wash at 30 °C, (7–9) before and (10–12) after wash at 40 °C, (13–15) before and (16–18) after wash at 50 °C. Statistical significance was defined by one-sample t-test (two-sided, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, vs 50 °C group).
