Fig. 5: mtDNA and mtRNA profiles in CD36 fraction.

a UCSC Genome Browser view of DNA-seq reads mapped to the mitochondrial genome in bulk plasma cfDNA (input) and DNA purified from the CD36 plasma fraction (IP αCD36). Note that the read coverage peak is seen in the input profile as overlapping with the TAS region of the D-loop, but not in the CD36 fraction. Profiles from sample #55 (Fig. 4d) are shown, and the read coverage peak specific for the input sample was also confirmed for sample #63 input/IP pair (not shown). b Heatmap showing normalized quantification values for mtRNAs in the RNA-seq results for bulk plasma cfRNAs and RNAs purified from the CD36 fraction. An additional set of RNA-seq was performed for the CD36 fraction to cover six astronauts for pre-, in- and post-flight phases, and results were combined with the bulk cfRNA-seq results used for the Fig. 1 analysis. c–n Plots showing normalized counts for mtRNAs in plasma cfRNA-seq (bulk) and CD36 fractions (IP). Trend lines were created using GraphPad PRISM 9.3.1, and ratios of the slopes between IP and bulk samples are shown in each panel.