Fig. 5: The performance of PQ- ZnFe2O4@MIPs μSPADs.

Fluorescence spectrum responses diagrams of PQ- ZnFe2O4@MIPs μSPAD (a) and PQ- ZnFe2O4@NIPs μSPAD (b) for detection of MC-RR, and internal illustrations were calibration curves and linear equation (MC-RR concentration was 0, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50 μg/L respectively). (n = 4 independent experiments) c Selectivity of PQ- ZnFe2O4@MIPs μSPAD for MC-RR standard solutions (20 μg/L) of different interfering compounds. (n = 4 independent experiments) d Fluorescence spectrum peak intensity values (hexagonal shape) and sensing results (square shape) of twenty PQ-ZnFe2O4@MIPs μSPADs. e Photograph of the PQ-ZnFe2O4@MIPs μSPAD in sunlight (e) and UV light (365 nm) (f). The process of sample flowing through the chip channel and microscope images of noctiluca scintillans (×400) and hydrophilic channel of the device after sample injection (×100) (g). The device is placed on the testing platform of fluorescence spectrometer (h). The error bars represent the standard deviation for relative parallel experiments.