Fig. 2: Evolutionary analysis of the A. chinensis genome.

A Chromosome-level assembly of the A. chinensis genome. a Transposable elements; b gene density; c gene expression level between seed and other tissues; d GC content; and e synteny blocks of paralogous sequences of the A. chinensis genome. B A phylogenetic tree inferred from orthologs of single gene families among selected plant taxa is shown. The 95% confidence interval for the highest posterior density is shown on the internal nodes. The red circles on the Aesculus branch highlight an Aesculus-specific WGD event (Aα). C Macrosynteny between genomic regions of A. chinensis, C. clementina, and X. sorbifolium. Macrosynteny patterns between A. chinensis and C. clementina or X. sorbifolium show that each C. clementina or X. sorbifolium region aligns with two syntenic regions in A. chinensis. D Comparison of chromosomes between A. chinensis, X. sorbifolium, and C. clementina. E The synonymous substitutions per synonymous site (KS) distributions of orthologous and paralogous genes among A. chinensis, C. clementina, and X. sorbifolium. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.