Fig. 6: Recent progress in RIXS method on analyzing electrocatalysts and battery materials. | Nature Communications

Fig. 6: Recent progress in RIXS method on analyzing electrocatalysts and battery materials.

From: In situ X-ray spectroscopies beyond conventional X-ray absorption spectroscopy on deciphering dynamic configuration of electrocatalysts

Fig. 6

a Experimental comparison of the sensitivity of XAS, RIXS, and UV–vis techniques to d–d excitations in cobalt carboxylates. From top to bottom panel: Co 2p3/2 XAS spectra, 2p3d RIXS spectra at excitation energy d, UV–vis spectra of 1–4 compounds, and schematic representations of the photon-induced electron transitions in 2p XAS, 2p3d RIXS and UV–vis spectroscopy. The final states in 2p3d RIXS and UV–vis spectroscopy are identical. The numbers a-e indicate five energies at which spectra were acquired. b 2p3/2-5d RIXS planes of supported Pt nanoparticles: (left) metallic and (right) with CO adsorbed. c Calculated RIXS planes for a bare Pt6 cluster and the cluster with CO coordinated at three different sites. d 2p3/2-5d RIXS planes of (left) Pt/Al2O3 and (right) PtSn/Al2O3 after hydrogen adsorption. e In situ RIXS planes of the Co oxide/Au(111) electrocatalyst at various potentials during OER, along with the RIXS planes of CoO and CoOOH standards. f Operando Kα1 RIXS planes of CuPc measured at various potentials in 0.5 M KHCO3 solution during CO2RR. g Mn L3-edge RIXS maps on MnHCMn electrodes at the discharged (left panel) and charged (right panel) states in Na-ion battery, respectively. Figures adapted with permission from: a ref. 59, Wiley (2013); b, c ref. 61, American Chemical Society (2010); d ref. 62, RSC (2010); e ref. 33, RSC (2013); f ref. 63, Elsevier (2022); g ref. 65, Springer Nature Ltd (2018).

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