Fig. 2: Macroscopic films self-assembled from the CDs-UPy.
From: Recastable assemblies of carbon dots into mechanically robust macroscopic materials
a–f Representative photographs of macroscopic films of the CDs-UPy with α of 0.89 (a, d) 1.26 (b, e), and 1.80 mmol g−1 (c, f). The photographs were taken under the ambient light (a–c) and the ultraviolet lamp (d–f). The scale bars are 1 cm. g Representative cross-sectional SEM image of the macroscopic film of the CDs-UPy with α of 1.80 mmol g-1. The scale bar is 50 μm. h, i Representative SEM images of the upper surface (h) and lower surface (i) of the macroscopic film with α of 1.80 mmol g-1. The scale bars are 500 μm. j Representative AFM image of the macroscopic film with α of 0.89 mmol g-1. The scale bar is 400 nm. k, l Swelling ratios (k) and weight maintenances (l) of macroscopic CDs-UPy films with α of 0.89 (light gray), 1.26 (orange), 1.51 (dark blue), 1.80 (dark cyan), and 2.30 (purple) mmol g-1 in different solvents. The error bars represent standard deviations based on three independent measurements. Ethyl acetate (EA), tetrahydrofuran (THF), diethyl ether (DEE), n-hexane (n-Hex), dichloromethane (DCM), acetone (DMK), ethanol (EtOH), toluene (TOL), acetonitrile (ACN), trichloromethane (TCM), and DI water (Water). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
