Fig. 1: Characterization and catalytic properties of PBA/MoS2@CSH.

a, b TEM, HR–TEM images and element mapping of PBA/MoS2@CSH. c Full XPS spectra of catalysts (Blue and green highlights indicate the positions of Mo 3d, S 2p and Co 2p, Fe 2p, respectively). d, e Catalytic degradation curve and the relationship between photoexcitation (Vis: visible light) and PMS on degradation of DC. Error bars represent the standard deviation of the experiment in triplicate. f Difference of removal rate and apparent reaction rate constant k with or without photoexcitation at different PMS concentrations by PBA/MoS2@CSH. g Comparisons of catalytic efficiency with those of reported catalysts. Literature comparison is provided in Supplementary Table 2. h UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra and photo of catalysts.