Fig. 3: Electrochemical characterizations of DTP-2T and DTP-P films.

a UV-vis absorption spectra of DTP-2T and DTP-P in a chloroform solution and as thin films prepared by spin casting. b Cyclic voltammograms of the DTP-2T and DTP-P thin films recorded in a 0.1 M NaCl(aq) electrolyte with a scan rate of 50 mV s−1. c Ionization potentials (bottom) and electron affinities (top, estimated from ionization potential and optical band gap) in eV for DTP-2T and DTP-P. Spectroelectrochemical analysis results of d DTP-2T and e DTP-P using a 0.1 M NaCl(aq) electrolyte. f Normalized absorbance of π–π* transition and polaron peak obtained from DTP-2T and DTP-P polymer films with different offset voltages.