Fig. 2: Key snapshots of the evolution of the west-bulging model.
From: Paleogene India-Eurasia collision constrained by observed plate rotation
Map view at (a) the initial collision, (b) the first rotation rate peak, (c) the complete collision, and (d) the second rotation rate peak. The orange stars represent the center of mass of the Indian plate. The orange arrows represent the resultant resistive force, with their lengths indicating force magnitudes. The horizontal dotted lines are lever arms of the torque. e–h shows the corresponding zoomed vertical cross-sections cutting through the bulge. Different colors correspond to different compositions: 1-oceanic crust; 2-oceanic mantle lithosphere; 3-Eurasian non-cratonic continental upper crust; 4-Eurasian non-cratonic continental lower crust; 5-Eurasian non-cratonic continental mantle lithosphere; 6-Indian continental upper crust; 7-Indian continental lower crust; 8-Indian continental mantle lithosphere; 9-continental and oceanic eclogitic lower crust; 10-Eurasian cratonic upper crust; 11-Eurasian cratonic lower crust; 12- Eurasian cratonic mantle lithosphere.
