Fig. 5: Optimizing (S)-norcoclurine production by yeast consortia.
a (S)-norcoclaurine titers of the consortia inoculated with different initial S. cerevisiae NC1 cell densities (OD600nm). The initial cell density of S. stipitis SA4 was kept at 0.2–0.3 and the two strains were simultaneously introduced into the culture. Samples were collected after 96 h of fermentation. b (S)-norcoclaurine titers of the consortia with a sequential inoculation strategy. S. stipitis SA4 was first grown in fermentation medium (2x SC medium containing 30 g/l glucose, 30 g/l xylose, and 5 g/l L-ascorbic acid). After 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h, S. cerevisiae NC1 was introduced with an OD600nm of three into the corresponding S. stipitis SA4 culture. Samples were collected after 96 h of fermentation. c The production time course of (S)-norcoclaurine, dopamine, and shikimate in the consortium under the optimal fermentation condition. The initial cell density of SA4 was 0.2–0.3 and NC1 was simultaneously introduced into the culture with an OD600nm of three. Samples were collected every 24 h post the starting of the co-culture. Data are presented as mean ± S.D., n = 3 per group for (a) and (b) and n = 5 per group for (c). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
