Correction to: Nature Communications https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41619-6, published online 21 September 2023

The original version of this Article contained an error in the results, which incorrectly read:

‘The zero ρ of temperature xmap farmland NPP indicate that farmland NPP is not a cause of temperature. And the much-smaller ρ of precipitation xmap farmland NPP majorly result from the above-introduced enslaved effect from the strong causal influence of precipitation on farmland NPP. In other words, farmland NPP can partially reflect precipitation.’

The correct version now reads:

‘The zero ρ of precipitation xmap farmland NPP indicate that farmland NPP is not a cause of precipitation. And the much-smaller ρ of temperature xmap farmland NPP majorly result from the above-introduced enslaved effect from the strong causal influence of temperature on farmland NPP. In other words, farmland NPP can partially reflect temperature.’

This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.