Fig. 4: Verification of APS as an active sulfonate group donor for biological sulfonation reactions.
From: Engineering sulfonate group donor regeneration systems to boost biosynthesis of sulfated compounds
a Structure comparison of NADPH and NADH, PAPS, and APS. b Phylogenetic analysis of the sulfotransferase family. c–g Verification and comparison of sulfonate transferase enzyme activity by using PAPS or APS as sulfonate donor. c trehalose sulfotransferase using APS as the sulfonate donor; d heparan sulfate N-sulfotransferase using APS as the sulfonate donor, e chondroitin 4-O-sulfotransferase using APS as the sulfonate donor; f rat sulfotransferase IV using APS as the sulfonate donor; g estrogen sulfotransferase using APS as the sulfonate donor. APS adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate. PAPS 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate. NADPH nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. NADH nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. NMN nicotinamide mononucleotide. All the data are expressed as the mean ± S.D. from three (n = 3) biologically independent replicates. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
