Fig. 2: Variation in speciation and net diversification rates through time.

Rates of speciation and net diversification through time of flowering plants estimated at a global scale (A) and for different latitude belts (B). Evolutionary rates are estimated using the global phylogeny with the crown of flowering plants constrained to 140–150 Ma. The shaded areas surrounding the solid lines represent the 95% confidence intervals of the mean rate estimates. In B, the evolutionary rates are estimated for latitudinal belts of 10 degrees across the two hemispheres. Darker colors indicate higher latitudes, and the red line indicates the Equator belt (−5 ^o to 5 ^o).