Fig. 4: Three vertical zones formed in a cortical column during partial SDs.
From: Diversity of cortical activity changes beyond depression during Spreading Depolarizations
a Partial SD stopping at 900 μm from the cortical surface. DC-LFPs at different cortical depths (white traces) are overlaid on color-coded multiple unit activity (MUA) density map. Example recordings before (1) and during SD (2) at the expanded time scale. *: UP-states of δ–oscillations. Note three zones formed during SD: upper zone with depressed MUA, intermediate sub-SD zone with sustained neuronal excitation and deep zone which maintains δ–oscillations and MUA. b γ-trough triggered average depth profiles of LFP, MUA density and CSD in the sub-SD excitation zone during partial SD. Below, corresponding circular histogram of LFP phase preference for L5 MUA in Sub-SD excitation zone during partial SD (left) and group data for L5 MUA phase preference for gamma oscillations during pre-SD excitation during full SDs (blue circles) and Sub-SD excitation during partial SDs (red circles); arrows show mean vectors (n = 11 animals). c Corresponding to the panel a: LFP (0.5–45 Hz, gray), LFP δ–power (blue) and γ–power (red) normalized to pre-SD values and MUA (black) in the three zones formed during partial SD: upper zone of depressed MUA (top), sub-SD excitation zone (middle) and under-SD zone of unchanged MUA (bottom). d Dependence of the change in δ–power (left) and γ–power (middle) and MUA frequency (right) during SD through the cortical depth relative to the depth of SD stop. Note the depression (blue, p < 0.05, Wilcoxon signed-rank two-sided test) of δ– and γ– activity and MUA in the upper zone; depression of δ– but increase in γ– activity and MUA (red, p < 0.05) in the sub-SD excitation zone; and unchanged activity (green, p > 0.05) in the deep zone. Insets: vertical boxplots of group data [center line, median; edges, Q1/Q3; whiskers, non-outlier extremes] for depth of top and bottom borders, and peak MUA increase in the sub-SD excitation zone; horizontal boxplots [center line, median; edges, Q1/Q3] for duration of excitation in the sub-SD zone. Pooled data from 102 SDs terminating at depth from 450 to 1250 μm. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
