Fig. 4: Photoelectro-autotrophic growth of RMH5-GR-Mtr.
From: Engineering artificial photosynthesis based on rhodopsin for CO2 fixation
a The photoelectrophic system can be divided into extracellular electron uptake, photosynthetic respiration and intracellular carbon sink (OM outer membrane, IM inner membrane, IPs inner-membrane proteins, NDH NADH dehydrogenase, TRANS transhydrogenase, Q quinones). b A typical Raman spectrum of an RMH5-GR-Mtr cell with Mtr-bound FMN identified by a band at ~1340 cm–1. c A typical Raman spectrum of an RMH5-GR-Mtr cell with canthaxanthin (CX) identified by three bands at ~1005, 1155 and 1517 cm–1. Cell suspensions of induced RHM5-GR-Mtr with and without CX. d Cells grown in 13C-bicarbonate exhibited isotopic Raman shifts from 1003 cm−1 to 987, 975 and 961 cm−1. e Comparison of the degree of 13C-bicarbonate incorporation of strains with and without can overexpression (the number of measured individual cells n = 241). The lower and upper quartiles are drawn as lines outside the box. The rectangle in the box plots represents the second and third quartiles with a line inside representing the median. The whiskers indicated the minima and maxima. f Growth profiles of RMH5- GR-Mtr with and without canthaxanthin under light and dark conditions (data show means ± SD of three biological replicates). g Comparison of generation time of strains with GR, GR-Mtr, GR-canthaxanthin complex (GRCX)-Mtr and GRCX-Mtr-can (data show means ± SD of three biological replicates). h Comparison of faradaic efficiency of strains with GR, GR-Mtr, GRCX-Mtr-CX and GRCX-Mtr-can (data show means ± SD of three biological replicates). Statistics were performed with a two-sided Student’s t-test (exact p-values are provided in the display). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
