Fig. 6: Validation cohort mass-cytometry confirmed the heterogeneity and shared protein profiles in CAR− and CAR+ CD8+ cells.

a Dimensionality reduction and clustering using UMAP of both CAR+ and CAR− CD8+ T cells identifying 7 clusters using published data from 31 patients treated using Axi-cel. Also shown are five selected protein markers. b Box plots of CD57 and CD11b protein expression across clusters (N = 31). All significant (p < 0.05) adjusted p-values (paired Wilcox test with Bonferroni correction) are shown. c Differential protein expression showing differences between cells from G2 and G3 grouped together, and cells from other clusters (Rest). All markers shown have adjusted p-values < 0.05 (using edgeR, two-sided test). d Longitudinal analysis of the proportion of cells expressing CD57, T-bet and 2B4 over the course of therapy (N = 31). All significant (p < 0.05) adjusted p-values (paired Wilcox test with Bonferroni correction between time points) are reported. e, f. Differential protein expression showing differences between CAR+ and CAR− T cells at day 7 (e) and day 21 (f). All markers shown have adjusted p-values < 0.05 (using edgeR, two-sided test). Box plot whiskers extends to the minimum and maximum values, with the box encompassing the interquartile range (IQR), and the centre line indicating the median.