Fig. 1: Overview and design of the standalone stretchable laryngeal patch.

a Exploded diagram of the integrated device system. b Optical images of the standalone stretchable device patch attached to the laryngeal skin (top) and forearm (bottom). c Block functional diagram showing the processing steps of the acceleration and surface electromyography (sEMG) signals, including signal processing, controlling, communication, and display. d Schematic showing the use of a machine learning network and the standalone stretchable patch in laryngeal post-surgical rehabilitation. e Finite element analysis (FEA) and corresponding experimental results of the patch under mechanical deformations: uniaxial stretching of 30%, bending to the cylinder with a radius of 1 cm, conforming to a sphere with a radius of 4 cm, and twisting with a torsional angle of 90°.