Fig. 4: BS installation attenuates mitochondrial damage and cytotoxicity of ssASO in vitro. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: BS installation attenuates mitochondrial damage and cytotoxicity of ssASO in vitro.

From: Dynamic and static control of the off-target interactions of antisense oligonucleotides using toehold chemistry

Fig. 4

a Procedure for evaluation of cytotoxicity of mPCS1n ssASO and mPCS1n/PNA(C8) BRO in original and galactose-modified media. b PI staining of Huh-7 cells exposed to 2 µM mPCS1n ssASO and mPCS1n/PNA(C8) BRO after 48 h of CEM transfection (n = 3 biologically independent samples). c Drug concentration-dependent assessment of cell viability (n = 5 biologically independent samples) d Activity of caspases 3/7, 8, and 9 (n = 4 biologically independent samples; one-way ANOVA followed by two-sided Dunnett’s multiple comparison tests comparing to control, p values from left side; glucose conditions: 0.0674, 0.5360 for caspase 8; 0.0077, 0.9104 for caspase 9; 0.032, 0.9571 for caspase 3/7; galactose conditions: <0.0001, 0.8379 for caspase 8; <0.0001, 0.7712 for caspase 9; <0.0001, 0.7933 for caspase 3/7). e the depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) with JC−1 dye were compared and evaluated for mPCS1n or mPCS1n/PNA(C8) BRO through transfection into Huh-7 cells using the CEM method (n = 1) (e). **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05. “ns” indicates not significant (p > 0.05). Data in Fig. 4c and d are presented as mean values ± SD. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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