Fig. 2: Structural characterizations of BZCYYb prepared by MSS method.
From: Sintering-induced cation displacement in protonic ceramics and way for its suppression
a SEM image of BZCYYb-MSS. b TEM image of BZCYYb-MSS. c The SAED pattern and d HR-TEM images of BZCYYb-MSS from the marked area in (b), and the insert image is a higher magnification of the marked area in (d). e XRD patterns of pristine BZCYYb-MSS and after quenching at different temperatures. f The lattice interplanar spacing of (002) crystal plane before and after quenching at 1450 °C. g Fourier-transformed of Y K-edge EXAFS spectra of BZCYYb-MSS before and after quenching at 1450 °C. h The coordinate number and Y–O bond length for BZCYYb-SSR before and after quenching at 1450 °C. i, j Proportion of Y in sites A and B of BZCYYb-MSS and BZCYYb-SSR samples before and after quenching at 1450 °C. Surface (k) and cross-sectional (l) SEM images of BZCYYb-MSS membrane sintered at 1450 °C. m Temperature dependence of conductivity for BZCYYb-MSS membrane.
