Fig. 1: Diversity, structure, and composition of the soil mycobiome.
From: Biotic homogenization, lower soil fungal diversity and fewer rare taxa in arable soils across Europe
A Fungal richness in arable lands (n = 156) and grasslands (n = 61) across five countries in Europe. Countries are arranged from the south on the left side to the north on the right side. For each country, the left (orange) and right (green) boxes indicate richness in arable lands and grasslands, respectively. The overall richness of soil fungi is shown in the upper-left subplot. * indicates significant (P < 0.05) difference between arable lands and grasslands. Small circles indicate individual data points, boxes mark the interquartile range, vertical lines indicate the whiskers, bold horizontal lines show the median and ‘x’ indicates the mean value. B Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) showing Bray-Curtis dissimilarity of soil fungi in arable lands and grasslands across five countries. Colors represent five European countries. Alluvial diagrams showing the relative abundance of the abundant classes and orders (C) of soil fungi and the potential functional groups (D) in arable lands and grasslands across five counties. In these diagrams, various blocks represent clusters, and the streams or flows represent changes in the composition. For each country, the height of the blocks represents the size of cluster of fungal groups. Relative abundance of a functional group was determined by summing up relative abundances of OTUs that belonged to that specific group. The effects of geographic location (in red color) and land use type (in blue color) as assessed by Kruskal Wallis rank sum test are shown on the sides. Statistical significance: *p value < 0.05; **p value < 0.01; ***p value < 0.001; n.s not significant.
