Fig. 5: S1P regulates glucose uptake by activating PP2A in vitro and in vivo. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: S1P regulates glucose uptake by activating PP2A in vitro and in vivo.

From: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells

Fig. 5

A PP2A activity measured after immunoprecipitation from RBC incubated with vehicle and 1 µM Sph for 30 min (n = 5 each). B Glucose uptake and (C) GLUT4 cell surface localization in sphingosine-loaded RBC in the absence or presence of 2 nM of the PP2A inhibitor okadaic acid (n = 6 each). D PP2A activity measured in SphK1+/+ and SphK1–/– RBC (n = 3/4), and (E) PP2A activity in Mfsd2b+/+ and Mfsd2b–/– RBC (n = 3 each). F PP2A activity of the holoenzyme immunoprecipitated from C57Bl6 RBC lysates and incubated consecutively with vehicle, sphingosine, S1P, FTY720, FTY720-P and C6 ceramide in the indicated concentrations (n = 10/6/8/6/6/4/4). G PP2A activity of human recombinant PP2AC catalytic subunit in the presence of the same substances as in (E) (n = 7/3/7/4/4/4). The ‘n’ in the (A–G) refers to individual mice. Data are presented as mean ± sd and tested with paired two-tailed t test (A), two-way ANOVA (B, C), unpaired t test (D, E), and one-way ANOVA (F, G); ns= not significant; p* < 0.05; P** < 0.01; P*** < 0.001; P**** < 0.0001.

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