Fig. 3: Chemical structure analysis and performance of the pristine asymmetric polyamide (PA) membrane (A-PA) and the SADs PA membranes (A-PA/DA-G4D, A-PA/BA-G4D, and A-PA/p-HC-G4D).
From: Self-assembled dendrimer polyamide nanofilms with enhanced effective pore area for ion separation

a Volumetric charge density and volumetric density. b O/N ratio and NH–C = O content from N1s, which was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). c Pore distribution that was calculated from the neutral molecule transport method. d Single salt rejection and salt/water flux of the A-PA and SAD polyamide membranes. The error bars represent the reproducible data obtained from at least three independent membrane samples.