Fig. 8: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterization after open circuit potential testing of the native surface oxide found away from slags or partially melted regions.

a Scanning TEM (STEM) high angle annular dark field (HAADF) and STEM energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) maps of the corroded surface oxide. b STEM/EDS line analysis along the red dashed line drawn in (a).