Table 1 Measured sizes of the studied products with their corresponding abbreviations

From: Dual heterogeneous interfaces enhance X-ray excited persistent luminescence for low-dose 3D imaging

Sample (abbreviation)

Size ([Na]/[RE])

Total size

Core

First shell

Second shell

NaLuF4:20Gd/2Dy, [Na]/[RE] = 2.5 (Lu/Gd/Dy (2.5))

35 nm (2.5)

/

/

35 nm

NaLuF4:20Gd/2Dy, [Na]/[RE] = 10 (Lu/Gd/Dy (10))

36 nm (10)

/

/

36 nm

NaLuF4:20Gd/2Dy@NaLuF4 (Lu/Gd/Dy@Lu)

36 nm (10)

14 nm (2.5)

/

64 nm

NaLuF4:20Gd/2Dy@NaYF4 (Lu/Gd/Dy@Y)

36 nm (10)

13 nm (2.5)

/

62 nm

NaYF4@NaLuF4:20Gd/2Dy@NaYF4 (Y@Lu/Gd/Dy@Y)

35 nm (2.5)

8 nm (10)

7 nm (2.5)

65 nm

NaLuF4@NaLuF4: 2Dy@NaLuF4 (Lu@Lu/Dy@Lu)

25 nm (2.5)

4.5 nm (10)

3 nm (2.5)

40 nm

NaLuF4@NaLuF4: 2Dy@NaYF4 (Lu@Lu/Dy@Y)

25 nm (2.5)

4.5 nm (10)

3.5 nm (2.5)

41 nm

NaYF4@NaLuF4: 2Dy@NaYF4 (Y@Lu/Dy@Y)

26 nm (2.5)

5 nm (10)

3.5 nm (2.5)

43 nm