Fig. 3: Dynamic flow profiles of the BNSF.
a–d 3D and e–h 2D plane images of flow velocity field, streamlines, and vorticity field in the virtual models under a given average flow velocity (7.7 × 10-7 m s−1); (a, c, e, g) PSNF and (b, d, f, h) BSNF (see “Methods” for detail simulation setups). The vorticity strength is calculated as the sum of the absolute value of each velocity gradient(|∂v/∂z|+|∂w/∂y|), instead of the curl of the velocity because Geodict only provides the absolute values of the velocity. i Simulated average velocity profiles on Flat, PSNF, and BSNF. The slip velocity (x-intercept, i.e., the velocity at the liquid-structure interface) and the slip length (y-intercept) are 0/0 (Flat), 3.28 × 10−9 m s−1, 55.6 nm (PSNF), and 2.67 × 10−8 m s−1, 300 nm (BSNF). The slip velocity and the slip length show linear proportionality (inset graph). j Correlation between the vorticity strength and two capture efficiency tests (quantum dots (QDs) capture (Mean gray value in Supplementary Fig. 7) and pathogen capture (Ct in Fig. 4b). a.u., arbitrary units. k The schematic of the particle proximity test to confirm slip effects of BSNF and the visualization result of particle flow paths (10 µm polystyrene beads, 20 µl min−1 of the flow rate). The large slip velocity of BSNF allows particles to migrate closer to the surface; the distance of the closest particle from the stagnation point is 57.7 µm (Flat) and 22.5 µm (BSNF). Source data are provided as a Source data file.
