Fig. 2: Characterization of S and VLP-S. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: Characterization of S and VLP-S.

From: Broad protection against clade 1 sarbecoviruses after a single immunization with cocktail spike-protein-nanoparticle vaccine

Fig. 2: Characterization of S and VLP-S.

a SDS-PAGE characterization of biotinylated S proteins. The unprocessed gel is shown in Supplementary Fig. 3. This gel was run twice from the same preparation for each sample with similar results. b Schematic of the attachment of various biotinylated S proteins to MS2-SA. (MS2: light gray, PDB 2MS2; SA: dark gray, PDB 3RY2; S: green/orange/purple, PDB 6VSB) (c) SDS-PAGE gel of S and VLP-S for 614D, BA.2.75.2, XBB, and SHC014. Each VLP-S has been boiled to disrupt the streptavidin-biotin conjugation. The unprocessed gel is shown in Supplementary Fig. 3. This gel was run twice from the same preparation for each sample with similar results. d Characterization of VLP-614D-S (orange), VLP-SHC014-S (green), VLP-BA.2.75.2-S (red), and VLP-XBB-S (cyan) by dynamic light scattering. e Characterization of the binding of ACE2-Fc and S2P6 antibody to all VLP-S. (mean ± SD, n = 3: one independent assay with three technical replicates). Bar color identifies each VLP-S sample (VLP-614D-S: orange; VLP-BA.1-S: dark blue; VLP-BA.5-S: brown; VLP-XBB-S: cyan; VLP-BA.2.75.2: red; VLP-SARS-CoV-1-S: purple; VLP-SHC014-S: green; VLP only: white). f Characterization of VLP-XBB-S, VLP-614D-S, VLP-BA.2.75.2-S, and VLP-SHC014-S by negative stain transmission electron microscopy. Arrowheads ▲ indicate S proteins on the VLP surface, with white arrowheads indicating straight-up spike proteins and red arrowheads indicating tilted spike proteins. At least 70 images were collected and analyzed from one VLP-S preparation for each sample with similar results.

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