Fig. 1: Design concept of color-tunable supramolecular TADF materials.

a The realization of TADF emission by formation of intermolecular charge-transfer excited state between the macrocyclic donor and guest. b Scheme of color-tunable TADF emission formed between macrocyclic donor and guests with HOMO and LUMO levels, respectively. c Chemical structures and electrostatic potential maps of calix[3]acridan (C[3]A) and electron-withdrawing guests (G1 ~ G7).