Fig. 5: Predicted circum-Antarctic dynamical regimes of dense overflows.
From: Circum-Antarctic bottom water formation mediated by tides and topographic waves
a Averaged continental slope steepness between 800 and 1800 m depth. The topography dataset we use is RTopo-262, with 30 arcsec grid spacing. b Summation of major axis of four major tidal constituents (O1, K1, M2, S2). c Overflow dynamical regimes predicted based on the tidal flow and continental slope steepness. Purple color shading indicates the probability of coastal polynyas occurring between 2013 and 2021, with 1 meaning the polynya occurs every year. The arrows roughly represent the overflow pathway across the continental slope.
