Fig. 1: PCEO printed by multifunctional continuous carbon fiber-reinforced SMP 3D printing technology. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: PCEO printed by multifunctional continuous carbon fiber-reinforced SMP 3D printing technology.

From: Electrothermally controlled origami fabricated by 4D printing of continuous fiber-reinforced composites

Fig. 1

a Illustration of 3D printing of CCF-SMP PCEO composite. b Schematics of the electrothermal hinge enabled by integrating Joule heating CCFs. c Demonstration of the electrical conductivity and heating capacity of CCFs. Scale bar, 20 mm. d Precise control of the CCF-SMP PCEO showcased by a simple hinged strip structure. Scale bar, 10 mm. e Stress-strain curves of the pure-SMP and CCF-SMP at 25 °C and 70 °C. f Demonstration of the stiffness improvement of CCF-SMP due to the incorporation of CCFs through experiment and FEA simulation. Scale bars, 20 mm.

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