Fig. 1: Spatiotemporal patterns of progression of brain atrophy via SuStaIn.
From: Identification of four biotypes in temporal lobe epilepsy via machine learning on brain images
Trajectory shows that cortical thickness or volume loss is firstly observed in the left hippocampus (a), the right hippocampus (b) and cortex (c) in people with temporal lobe epilepsy relative to healthy controls. The color of brain region reveals the severity of grey matter loss; white: unaffected areas (z < 1); light blue: mildly affected areas (z = 1–2); dark blue: severely affected areas (z > 2). d Individual subtyping according to the maximum probability of belonging to which ‘trajectory’ (red, left hippocampus-predominant trajectory; blue, right-hippocampus-predominant trajectory; green, cortex-predominant trajectory). e–g Correlation between SuStaIn stages and z scores (i.e., the degree of thickness/volume decrease in patients relative to healthy population) of average cortical thickness, the volume of left and right hippocampus separately in each subgroup (red, left hippocampus-predominant trajectory; blue, right-hippocampus-predominant trajectory; green, cortex-predominant trajectory). Spearman correlation test is conducted for data analysis in figures e-g. It shows a significant correlation between SuStaIn stages and average cortical thickness (trajectory 1: r = 0.599, p = 1.4 × 10-9; trajectory 2: r = 0.791, p = 1.8 × 10-25; trajectory 3: r = 0.847, p = 3.0 × 10-12), as well as the volume of the left hippocampus (trajectory 1: r = 0.627, p = 1.3 × 10-10; trajectory 2: r = 0.577, p = 2.3 × 10-11; trajectory 3: r = 0.431, p = 0.005). The significant correlation between SuStaIn stages and right hippocampus volume was only found in the ‘trajectory’ 3 (trajectory 1: r = 0.269, p = 0.013; trajectory 2: r = 0.157, p = 0.097; trajectory 3: r = -0.006, p = 0.973). The error bands in figures (e, f, and g) represent 95% confidence interval. n = 85, 113, and 41 biologically independent samples in left hippocampus-predominant trajectory, right-hippocampus-predominant trajectory, and cortex-predominant trajectory. **p < 0.001, *p < 0.05, two-sided. Multiple comparisons were corrected by FDR.
