Fig. 4: Antimicrobial effect of PDT mediated by U-MA and U-B. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Antimicrobial effect of PDT mediated by U-MA and U-B.

From: Nucleic-acid-base photofunctional cocrystal for information security and antimicrobial applications

Fig. 4

a Photodynamic killing of planktonic S. mutans, S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans. Error bars = Standard Deviation (n = 6 biologically independent samples). One-way ANOVA was performed followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons. ****p < 0.0001. b Morphological changes in microbes treated with or without U-MA or U-B mediated PDT by TEM. The arrows indicate the loss of typical cell shapes of the treated microorganisms. The scale bars are 200 nm. c Photodynamic inhibition of the formation of S. mutans, S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans biofilm. Microorganisms were cultured for 24 h after treatment. Error bars = Standard Deviation (n = 6 biologically independent samples). One-way ANOVA was performed followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons. ****p < 0.0001. d Biofilm viability detected by CLSM. Microorganisms were cultured for 24 h after treatment. The scale bars are 50 µm. L Light.

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