Fig. 4: GSEA results of comparison between HGD Gastric IPMN and LGD IPMN.

A Top five Hallmark Cancer pathways activated in HGD Gastric IPMN. The circle size represents the number of genes upregulated; Two-tailed GSEA corrected for multiple comparisons with FDR < 0.05; B Top five activated and suppressed gene ontology signatures activated or suppressed in HGD Gastric IPMN. The circle size represents the number of genes overexpressed or downregulated. C UMAP plot showing IPMN clusters in 2D - dimensions. D GSEA plot for HALLMARK_TNFA_SIGNALING_VIA_NFKB, network plot showing genes upregulated in HGD Gastric IPMN belonging to this signature. Featureplot showing ssGSEA score imputed for the same signature in all spots belonging to IPMN clusters. Fold changes are normalized to improve visualization. E GSEA plot, network plot, ssGSEA score plot for HALLMARK_MYC_TARGETS_V1. F GSEA plot, network plot, ssGSEA score plot for HALLMARK_EPITHELIAL_MESENCHYMAL_TRANSITION. G GSEA plot, network plot, ssGSEA score plot for HALLMARK_KRAS_SIGNALING_UP. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. TMA tissue micro array, LGD low-grade-dysplasia, HGD high-grade-dysplasia, FDR false discovery rate.