Fig. 5: The elementary steps of PhOH conversion.

a Scheme of the oligomerization and degradation pathways. The bold blue lines and solid gray lines indicate the major and minor paths of PhOH conversion, respectively. The dashed lines are the possible paths of the outer-sphere electron transfer process. EPR spectra of DMPO–PhO• adducts before and after filtration in b Mn3O4/PMS and c Mn3O4@20ACNT/PMS. DMPO–PhO• adducts: αN = 13.1 G, αHβ = 9.1 G. Conditions: T = 293.2 ± 0.3 K; pH = 7.0 ± 0.1; [catalyst] = 300 mg L−1; [PhOH] = 25 mM; [PMS] = 25 mM; [DMPO] = 100 mM.