Fig. 8: HIV/ART-associated IgG N-glycan alterations are linked to compromised HIV-specific IgG Fc-mediated antiviral innate immune functions.
From: Immunoglobulin G N-glycan markers of accelerated biological aging during chronic HIV infection
a Schematic illustration highlighting the role of IgG Fc in facilitating various anti-viral innate immune functions, including ADCC, ADCP, and ADCD. b Evaluation of ADCC, ADCP, and ADCD elicited by 20 µg of bulk IgG from WLWH and MLWH after background subtraction using samples from WLWoH and MLWoH, respectively. c Measurement of gp120-specific antibody levels in the same amounts of bulk IgG from WLWH and MLWH. d Normalized data of ADCC, ADCP, and ADCD relative to the levels of gp120-specific antibodies measured in the same amounts of bulk IgG from WLWH and MLWH. For (b–e), violin plots display median and IQR, and statistical significance was determined using two-tailed unpaired t tests. N = 157–187 biological samples. e Two-tailed Spearman’s rank correlation heatmaps demonstrate the associations between IgG glycans (columns) and adjusted ADCC, ADCP, and ADCD (rows). Positive correlations are represented in red, while negative correlations are depicted in blue. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001. f Examples from Two-tailed Spearman’s rank correlations (n = 161 biological samples) in (e) illustrate that fucosylated glycans lacking galactose exhibit negative correlations with adjusted ADCC, while fucosylated glycans containing galactose display positive correlations with adjusted ADCC. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
