Fig. 8: HLA genes expression changes post-neoadjuvant therapy.

a Heatmap representation of HLA genes expression in patients at pre- and post-neoadjuvant therapy; b comparison of immune scores of HLA genes between pre- and post-neoadjuvant therapy (n = 19); c comparison of immune scores of HLA genes across mRECIST response categories. The mRECIST categories were defined as SD (stable disease) (n = 7), PR (partial response) (n = 9), and CR (complete response) (n = 3); CLD represents the assessment of the change in the longest diameter according to mRECIST criteria. Patient bar labeled by patient ID. The heatmap illustrates the scaled values derived from the gene expression data, ranging from blue to red, indicating increasing values. Blue represents patients at pre-treatment, and red represents patients at post-treatment. Points show the log2 transformed immune scores for each patient. Boxplot accompanied with jittered points illustrates the distribution of log2 transformed immune scores for each patient. Within the box, horizontal line represents median, and box represents 25th and 75th percentile. Whiskers are calculated with the formula median ± 1.5 × interquartile range. Paired t-tests are conducted between pre- and post-treatment data, whereas pairwise comparisons across different mRECIST categories are assessed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum method. Exact two-sided p-values, with significance levels (p value < 0.05), are provided above the respective comparisons. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.