Fig. 2: Cell elongation is associated with remodeling of the microtubule cytoskeleton.
From: Dynamic interplay of microtubule and actomyosin forces drive tissue extension
a Images of wings expressing E-cad-GFP at 14.5, 16, and 18 hAPF. b Quantifications of mean intensities of E-cad for 14.5 (light gray), 16 (gray), and 18 (dark gray) hAPF (Kruskal‒Wallis test: n.s. = 0.1465, n.s. = 0.6310 and n.s. > 0.9999. c Quantifications of E-cad polarity in 14.5, 16, and 18 hAPF control cells (Kruskal‒Wallis test: n.s. > 0.9999, n.s. = 0.3490 and n.s. = 0.4872, n(14.5) = 64/54, n(16) = 73/52 and n(18) = 100/60 junctions and 3-5 pupae per genotype). d Images of wings expressing Sqh-GFP (14.5, 16, and 18 hAPF) to visualize Myosin II. The lower panel indicates the orthogonal views with a white dashed line marking the basal side of the cells. e Quantifications of mean intensities of Myosin II for 14.5 (light gray), 16 (gray), and 18 (dark gray) hAPF (Ordinary one-way ANOVA: n.s.= 0.1455, n.s. = 0.2693 and * p = 0.0164, n(14.5) = 128, n(16) = 106 and n(18) = 123 cells and 3-5 pupae per genotype). f Quantification of myosin II polarity in 14.5, 16, and 18 hAPF control cells (Kruskal‒Wallis test: n.s. > 0.9999, n.s. = 0.4474 and ** p = 0.0091, n(14.5) = 79/49, n(16) = 64/42 and n(18) = 90/57 junctions and 3-5 pupae per genotype). For (b, c, e, f), boxes in the plot extend from the 25th to 75th percentiles, with a line at the median. Whiskers show min and max values. g Images of control cells (14.5, 16, and 18 hAPF) marked by EOS-Tub or α-Tub antibody to visualize microtubules. The lower panel indicates the orthogonal views with a white dashed line marking the basal side of the cells. The images shown are representative of 4 wings and 3 independent experiments. h, i Distribution of microtubule orientation along the P/D axis for 16 and 18 hAPF control wings. Microtubule orientation pooled together and binned into 3 categories of angular distribution −30° to 0° and 0° to 30° (along the P/D axis), −60° to −30° and 30° to 60°, −90° to −60° and 60° to 90° for comparison along different axes at 16 and 18 hAPF (Kruskal-Wallis test: **** p < 0.0001). j Live imaging of developing wing epithelium (14, 14.5, 15, 15.5, and 16 hAPF) marked by EOS-Tub indicating remodeling of microtubules in the apical side along the P/D axis of the wing. The images shown are representative of 4 wings and 3 independent experiments. k Distribution of microtubule orientation along the P/D axis between 14 and 16 hAPF control cells for images in (j). l Cartoon showing a cross-section of wing cells at 14 and 16 hAPF depicting the organization of the microtubule cytoskeleton in developing tissue. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. Scale bars, (a, j) 5 µm, (d, g) 5 µm.
