Fig. 6: Change in coalescent-based estimation of male and female effective population sizes over time under the two transition scenarios.
Between t0 and t1, the descent rule is bilateral, and the residence rule is either patrilocal, matrilocal, or multilocal. Then, at t1, there is a transition to patrilineal descent with patrilocal residence (with the settings of scenario 2g, i.e. lineal fission, variance in reproductive success between groups, no violence, and with the parameter values given in the legend of Fig. 2). Average Bayesian skyline plots of male effective population size (a), female effective population size (b), and female-to-male Ne ratio (c) over 200 replicates are plotted for each scenario. The dashed grey line corresponds to the ratio of 17 obtained by Karmin et al.1. Values of means are provided in the Source Data file.
