Fig. 3: T. gondii ancestry analysis using POPSICLE. | Nature Communications

Fig. 3: T. gondii ancestry analysis using POPSICLE.

From: Far-East Asian Toxoplasma isolates share ancestry with North and South/Central American recombinant lineages

Fig. 3: T. gondii ancestry analysis using POPSICLE.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a Clustering analysis of the T. gondii genome from POPSICLE using k = 10 for population genetic structure and admixture. The haplotype plot with 34 strains identified eight “major ancestral lineages” corresponding to existing genotypes (inner circle plot: Navy (HG1), yellow (HG2), brown (HG3), deep green (HG6), gray (HG11), red (HG13), orange (HG15), and blue (Africa 4)). Two ‘individual ancestors’ of color were also resolved in the Japanese population (inner circle plot: magenta (TgCatJpOk4), cyan (TgCatJp5)). Hues did not appear in the inner circles (e.g., light green) indicating that they are unresolved in the present dataset. For each sample, we assigned a hue representing the “type” of gene present and assembled an ancestral haplotype block. The middle circle represents the relative proportion of each gene ancestor in each genome, expressed as a hue. The outer circle represents the genome-wide local admixture profile of each isolate in a 10 kb sliding window. By arranging these hue patterns in chromosomal order (chromosomes Ia to XII), the genome-wide admixture pattern was resolved. b POPSICLE plot from which HG1, HG2, and HG3 strains were extracted. c POPSICLE plot from which ME49 (HG2), RAY (HG12), and B41 (HG12) were extracted. d POPSICLE plot from which HG12 and HG13 strains were extracted.

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