Fig. 2: CFD experiment.

A Terrain and input wind measurements (red arrows) with their respective prediction error. B High prediction errors can be observed close to the ground or on the lee side of the terrain. C Wind and turbulence prediction performance on the CFD dataset over the full test set containing 4764 samples (blue) and with 2000 random trajectories for the three different terrains shown in (A). While most of the terrains result in uni-modal error distributions (1,2), more complex ones can have a second mode for samples from a complex flow region, indicated by the red box in (3). Boxes extend from the first to the third quartiles of data. Median is indicated by a line and mean by a star. Whiskers extend to the extrema data inside 1.5 times the interquartile range beyond the first and third quartiles. Outliers (outside the whiskers) are individually plotted. D Density scatter plots (N = 64³) comparing the label and the predictions for each predicted property using the terrain and input pair presented in (A) (2). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.