Table 1 Weight and cardio-pulmonary exercise test performance in athletes and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus before and after exercise interventions
From: Comparison of intramyocellular lipid metabolism in patients with diabetes and male athletes
Baseline difference between athletes and type 2 diabetes patients | p-value | Athletes change between baseline and deconditioning | p-value | Patients with type 2 diabetes change between baseline and exercise training | p-value | Difference in changes between athletes and type 2 diabetes patients | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Weight, kg | −20 (−27 to −14) | <0.001 | 1.2 (0.3–2.1) | 0.01 | −2.6 (−3.6 to −1.6) | <0.001 | 3.8 (2.4–5.0) | <0.001 |
RER | 0.005 (−0.05 to 0.06) | 0.9 | 0.03 (−0.01 to 0.06) | 0.2 | −0.05 (−0.08 to −0.01) | 0.01 | 0.07 (0.02–0.1) | 0.005 |
VO2 peak, mL/min/kg | 22 (19–24) | <0.001 | −3.5 (−4.8 to −2.3) | <0.001 | 6.4 (5.4–7.4) | <0.001 | −10 (−12 to −8) | <0.001 |
VO2 at AT, mL/min/kg | 16 (14–18) | <0.001 | −3.8 (−5.3 to −2.3) | <0.001 | 5.8 (4.6–7.0) | <0.001 | −10 (−12 to −8) | <0.001 |
VO2/HR, mL/beat | 6.2 (4.5–7.9) | <0.001 | −2.1 (−2.7 to −1.4) | <0.001 | 2.7 (2.3–3.2) | <0.001 | −5 (−5.5 to −4.0) | <0.001 |
METS | 6.2 (5.6–6.9) | <0.001 | −1.1 (−1.4 to −0.8) | <0.001 | 1.75 (1.4–2.1) | <0.001 | −2.8 (−3.2 to −2.4) | <0.001 |
Resting Heart Rate, bpm | −7 (−13 to 1.2) | 0.02 | 1.5 (−2.3 to 5.3) | 0.4 | 2.1 (−1.2 to 5.4) | 0.2 | −0.62 (−5.6 to 4.3) | 0.8 |
Peak Heart Rate, bpm | 11 (4–19) | 0.003 | 4.6 (1.6 to 7.7) | 0.004 | 7.4 (2.5–12.3) | 0.005 | −2.8 (−8.3 to 2.8) | 0.3 |
Resting systolic BP, mmHg | −5 (−10 to 1.0) | 0.10 | −3.2 (−6.9 to 0.6) | 0.09 | −2.0 (−6.1 to 2.3) | 0.4 | −1 (−6.7 to 4.2) | 0.7 |
Resting diastolic BP, mmHg | −7.3 (−12 to −3) | 0.003 | 1.9 (−1.2 to 5.0) | 0.2 | −2.8 (−5.4 to −0.17) | 0.04 | 4.7 (1–9) | 0.02 |
Peak systolic BP, mmHg | −2 (−10 to 7) | 0.7 | −8.5 (−16 to −1) | 0.03 | 12 (6.0–17) | <0.001 | −20 (−29 to −11) | <0.001 |
Peak diastolic BP, mmHg | −4.0 (−11 to 3) | 0.3 | −4.6 (−8.6 to −0.7) | 0.02 | −1.4 (−7 to 4) | 0.6 | −3 (−10 to 4) | 0.34 |
Heart Rate recovery, bpm | 3.9 (−1 to 8.8) | 0.1 | −1.6 (−3.6 to 0.5) | 0.1 | 3.6 (0.5–6.6) | 0.02 | −5 (−8.7 to −1.5) | 0.006 |
VE/VCO2 slope | −2.2 (−4.1 to −0.4) | 0.019 | −0.5 (−1.6 to 0.6) | 0.4 | −0.8 (−2.0 to 0.3) | 0.1 | 0.34 (−1.2 to 1.8) | 0.7 |
Resting O2 saturation, % | 0.3 (−0.1 to 0.7) | 0.1 | −0.1 (−0.4 to 0.2) | 0.5 | 0.2 (−0.25 to 0.7) | 0.4 | −0.30 (−0.81 to 0.204) | 0.24 |
Peak O2 saturation, % | −0.1 (−1.4 to 1.3) | 0.9 | −0.5 (−1.6 to 0.6) | 0.4 | 0.3 (−1.2 to 1.7) | 0.7 | −0.8 (−2.5 to 1.0) | 0.4 |
FEV1, L | 0.7 (0.3–1) | <0.001 | ||||||
Max power output, Watt | 118 (96–140) | <0.001 | −16 (−20 to −11) | <0.001 | 35 (30–41) | <0.001 | −51 (−58 to −44) | <0.001 |
Exercise duration, seconds | 86 (41–131) | <0.001 | −8.6 (−26 to 9) | 0.3 | 88 (72–104) | <0.001 | −97 (−120 to −73) | <0.001 |
